Dr. Gass
HCOM 308
Fall 2008
1. To assess the rel=
iability
of a series of items on a scale, a researcher should use:
A. a correlation
B. Cronbach’s
alpha
C. a validity test
D. statistics
E. a reliability tes=
t
2. The tendency for =
a pretest
to influence a subsequent posttest is known as:
A. sensitization
B. acculturation
C. maturation
D. history
3. Which of the stat=
ements
about measurement validity below is most accurate?
A. a measure can be valid without being reliabl=
e
B. a measure cannot be valid unless it is relia=
ble
C. a measure cannot be both valid and reliable<= o:p>
D. increasing reliab=
ility
tends to decrease validity and vice versa
4. Which of the foll=
owing is
a “social scientific method for gathering quantifiable information a=
bout
a specific group of people by asking questions about their individual
attitudes, values, beliefs, or behaviors”?
A. questionnaire
B. interview
C. survey
D. poll
5. Which of the item=
s below
is an open-ended question?
A. Are you left-hand=
ed,
right-handed, or ambidextrous? ________________
B. What cause, if an=
y, would
you be willing to die for? _________________________________________
C. Which of the foll=
owing
best reflects your sexual preference?
heterosexual &nb=
sp; _____
bisexual _____
homosexual =
; _____
lesbian &n=
bsp; &nbs=
p; _____
transexual =
; _____
D. Gays should be le=
gally
permitted to marry
_____ =
=
_____ =
=
_____ =
=
_____ =
=
_____
strongly =
moderately =
neutral/ &n=
bsp; &nbs=
p; moderately =
strongly
agree &nbs=
p; =
agree =
&n=
bsp; undecided =
disagree disagree
6. The primary drawb=
ack of
relying on a “convenience” sample, compared to other types of
samples, is that:
A. they are usually =
more
expensive and time consuming.
B. there usually isn=
’t
a complete list of the entire population.
C. there is no assur=
ance the
respondents are responding truthfully
D. respondents may n=
ot be
representative of the larger population they are supposed to represent.
7. In order to rule out initial diff=
erences
in participants in different conditions of an experiment, a researcher sho=
uld
use:
A. random sampling
B. a manipulation ch=
eck
C. a pre-test
D. a post-test
8. The “equal
likelihood principle” states that:
A. Every participant=
in an
experiment has the same chance of being assigned to either the treatment or
control group.
B. A researcher begi=
ns a
controlled experiment by assuming the null hypothesis and experimental
hypothesis are equally probable or true.
C. The likelihood of=
finding
a significant difference is the same, regardless of sample size.
D. Each and every me=
mber of a
population has the same chance of being selected for inclusion in a
sample.
9. Which of the foll=
owing is
a random sample?
A. stratified sample=
B. convenience sampl=
e
C. purposive sample<= o:p>
D. network sample
E. quota sample
10. A researcher who=
is
studying how parents cope with the death of a child who has committed suic=
ide
contacts SOLOS, a support group for parents who have lost children to
suicide. What type of sample=
is the
researcher using?
A. simple random sam=
ple
B. cluster sample
C. purposive sample<= o:p>
D. systematic sample=
E. stratified sample=
11. Which type of experimental design=
always
uses random assignment to the conditions in an experiment?
A. pre-experiment
B. quasi-experiment<= o:p>
C. full experiment
D. longitudinal desi=
gn
E. time series desig=
n
12. Ms. Boswell uses=
phonics
to teach her kindergartners how to read.&=
nbsp;
Ms. Neidemeyer uses whole word recognit=
ion to
teach kids how to read in her kindergarten class. At the end of the semester, the r=
eading
scores of the two classes are compared to see if one class has outperforme=
d the
other. The best description =
of this
type of design is:
A. pre-experiment
B. quasi-experiment<= o:p>
C. true or full expe=
riment
13. A limitation or =
drawback
to using a Solomon Four-Group Design is that:
A. it is lacking in =
control
compared to other designs
B. it risks sensitiz=
ation of
subjects to the experimental conditions
C. it lacks random a=
ssignment
D. it requires far m=
ore
subjects compared to other designs
E. it lacks a pre-te=
st
14. How many inde=
pendent
variables are there in a 2 X 3 factorial design?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 5
D. 6
15. How many cond=
itions
are there in a 2 X 2 X 2 design?
A. 3
B. 6
C. 8
D. insufficient info=
rmation
to tell
16. How many depe=
ndent
variables are there in a 3 X 3 design?
A. 2
B. 6
C. 9
D. insufficient info=
rmation
to tell
17. Which type of
experimental design possesses the least amount of control?
A. pre-experiment
B. quasi-experiment<= o:p>
C. full experiment
D. survey research
18. Which average is=
usually
reported whenever the standard deviation is reported?
A. mean
B. median
C. mode
D. variance
19. The ________________ is relatively insensit=
ive to,
or unaffected by, extreme scores.
A. mean
B. median
C. range
D. standard deviation
20. What is the median in the following =
set of
scores? 2, 4, 7, 14, 16, 21, 30
A. 11.42
B. 14
C. 15
D. 16
21. The measure of c=
entral
tendency that is most sensitive to changes in any score is:
A. the mean
B. the mode
C. the median
D. the standard devi=
ation