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<div class=3DSection1>

<p class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dright style=3D'text-align:right'><span style=
=3D'color:
black'>Dr. Gass<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dright style=3D'text-align:right'><span style=
=3D'color:
black'>HCOM 235<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dright style=3D'text-align:right'><span style=
=3D'color:
black'>Spring 2009<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dcenter style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-ma=
rgin-bottom-alt:
auto;text-align:center'><span class=3DSpellE><b><span style=3D'font-size:14=
.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black'>Refutational</span></b></span><b><s=
pan
style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black'> Essay
Assignment</span></b><span style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:=
p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt=
:auto;
mso-pagination:none'><span style=3D'mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black'=
>Effective
advocacy requires not only the ability to advance one's own position, but to
refute opposing positions as well.&nbsp; The <span class=3DSpellE>refutatio=
nal</span>
essay assignment is designed to provide you with an opportunity to directly
clash with the arguments and evidence presented by another author.</span><s=
pan
style=3D'color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt=
:auto'><span
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black'>For your <span class=3DSpe=
llE>refutational</span>
essay you should select one of the target essays provided by the instructor=
 and
<u>write a direct refutation of the author's</u> <u>major arguments</u>.&nb=
sp;
You should rebut the author&#8217;s position by:<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt=
:auto;
margin-left:1.0in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:list=
 1.0in'><![if !supportLists]><span
style=3D'font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-fa=
mily:
Symbol;color:black'><span style=3D'mso-list:Ignore'>&middot;<span
style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style=3D'mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
color:black'>challenging the author&#8217;s claims and reasoning<o:p></o:p>=
</span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt=
:auto;
margin-left:1.0in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:list=
 1.0in'><![if !supportLists]><span
style=3D'font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-fa=
mily:
Symbol;color:black'><span style=3D'mso-list:Ignore'>&middot;<span
style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style=3D'mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
color:black'>applying tests of evidence<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt=
:auto;
margin-left:1.0in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:list=
 1.0in'><![if !supportLists]><span
style=3D'font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-fa=
mily:
Symbol;color:black'><span style=3D'mso-list:Ignore'>&middot;<span
style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style=3D'mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
color:black'>identifying weaknesses in inferential leaps<o:p></o:p></span><=
/p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt=
:auto;
margin-left:1.0in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:list=
 1.0in'><![if !supportLists]><span
style=3D'font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-fa=
mily:
Symbol;color:black'><span style=3D'mso-list:Ignore'>&middot;<span
style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style=3D'mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
color:black'>pointing out fallacies in reasoning<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt=
:auto;
margin-left:1.0in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:list=
 1.0in'><![if !supportLists]><span
style=3D'font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-fa=
mily:
Symbol;color:black'><span style=3D'mso-list:Ignore'>&middot;<span
style=3D'font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style=3D'mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;
color:black'>providing counter-evidence for the opposing position<o:p></o:p=
></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt=
:auto'><span
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black'>To conduct a thorough refu=
tation
you will need to<u> conduct outside research</u> to locate evidence that
counters the author's position. If you rely on the Internet for information,
make sure the sources are qualified experts in the fields in which you are
quoting them.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt=
:auto'><span
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black'>Your <span class=3DSpellE>=
refutational</span>
essay should be approximately 4-6 pages in length (not counting references),
typed, double-spaced, and carefully proof-read for typographical and spelli=
ng
errors.&nbsp; You will be graded on the quality of your writing, the qualit=
y of
your ideas, and the quality of your research.&nbsp; Wherever you cite or re=
fer
to the words, ideas, or data of another author you <u>must</u> supply a
complete reference.&nbsp; Failure to do so constitutes an act of plagiarism=
.</span><span
style=3D'color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black'=
>Your <span
class=3DSpellE>refutational</span> essay represents 20% of your course
grade.<span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span></span>This assignment=
 is
due on April 14<sup>th</sup>.<span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span=
><span
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black'>If you'd like to see some =
sample
essays, please stop by my office.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt=
:auto'><span
style=3D'color:black'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

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