A Brief Quiz on chapter 12

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1 Descriptive statistics are tools that help researchers draw conclusions about the probable populations from which samples did or did not belong. 2 The mean is the middle score in a distribution. 3 The variance is the difference between the highest and lowest scores. 4 In essence, the standard deviation is a measure that shows how far scores deviate from the mean on the average. 5 Skewness refers to the location of the "hump" of data in a distribution. 6 Look at these two symbols The first symbol represents the variance of the sample whereas the second symbol represents the variance of the population. 7 The standard normal curve is a data distribution that tells the expected value that would be obtained by sampling at random. 8 A correlation indicates the presence of a causal relationship. 9 Z scores transform actual sample data into units of a distribution with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1. 10 A correlation coefficient with a negative sign in front of it indicates a lower correlation than one with a positive sign. 11 A Pearson product moment correlation is used when each variable is on the ordinal scale.